使用Docker快速搭建MySQL主从复制环境

2016-10-13

MySQL常见复制模式 #

MySQL的常见复制模式(假设有DB1,DB2,DB3三个MySQL实例):

主从复制 DB1 -> DB2
主主复制 DB1 <- -> DB2
链式复制 DB1 -> DB2 -> DB3
环形复制 DB1 -> DB2 -> DB3 -> DB1

生产环境常见主从复制，这是最稳健的一种方式；为了切换方便也可选择主主模式，但要注意主主复制必须确保在任何时刻只有一个数据库是master写入状态，否则可能导致数据异常。链式和环形复制在生产环境很少使用，主要的缺点是随着节点的增加整个复制系统的稳健性会下降。

对于各种复制模式，主从复制是基础。本文记录自己使用Docker快速搭建MySQL主从复制环境的过程，用于平时的学习和试验。

主从配置文件 #

master配置文件/home/mysql/etc/master/master.cnf

 1[mysqld]
 2server_id = 1
 3
 4character-set-server=utf8mb4
 5collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
 6default-storage-engine=INNODB
 7
 8#Optimize omit
 9
10sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
11
12log-bin     = /var/lib/mysql/binlog
13log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
14binlog_format = ROW
15expire_logs_days = 99
16sync_binlog = 0
17
18slow-query-log=1
19slow-query-log-file=/var/log/mysql/slow-queries.log
20long_query_time = 3
21log-queries-not-using-indexes

slave配置文件/home/mysql/etc/slave/slave.cnf

 1[mysqld]
 2server_id = 2
 3
 4character-set-server=utf8mb4
 5collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
 6default-storage-engine=INNODB
 7
 8#Optimize omit
 9
10sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
11
12log-bin     = /var/lib/mysql/binlog
13log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
14binlog_format = ROW
15expire_logs_days = 99
16sync_binlog = 0
17
18relay_log=slave-relay-bin
19log-slave-updates=1
20slave-skip-errors=all
21
22slow-query-log=1
23slow-query-log-file=/var/log/mysql/slow-queries.log
24long_query_time = 3
25log-queries-not-using-indexes

启动容器,配置主从复制 #

创建数据目录：

1mkdir -p /home/mysql/data/master
2mkdir -p /home/mysql/data/slave
3
4MASTER_DIR=/home/mysql/data/master
5SLAVE_DIR=/home/mysql/data/slave

启动MySQL容器：

 1docker run --name mysql-master \
 2-v /home/mysql/etc/master:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
 3-v /home/mysql/data/master:/var/lib/mysql \
 4-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
 5-d \
 6mysql:5.7
 7
 8
 9docker run --name mysql-slave \
10-v /home/mysql/etc/slave:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
11-v /home/mysql/data/slave:/var/lib/mysql \
12-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
13--link mysql-master:master \
14-d mysql:5.7

Master上创建复制用户：

1docker exec -it mysql-master mysql -p
2
3CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl';
4GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';

查看Master节点 Binlog状态：

1show master status\G
2*************************** 1. row ***************************
3             File: binlog.000008
4         Position: 595
5     Binlog_Do_DB:
6 Binlog_Ignore_DB:
7Executed_Gtid_Set:
81 row in set (0.00 sec)

在Slave节点上配置复制：

 1docker exec -it mysql-slave mysql -p
 2
 3CHANGE MASTER TO \
 4MASTER_HOST='master',\
 5MASTER_PORT=3306,\
 6MASTER_USER='repl',\
 7MASTER_PASSWORD='repl',\
 8MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000008',\
 9MASTER_LOG_POS=595;
10
11start slave;

查看Salve状态：

 1show slave status\G
 2*************************** 1. row ***************************
 3               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
 4                  Master_Host: master
 5                  Master_User: repl
 6                  Master_Port: 3306
 7                Connect_Retry: 60
 8              Master_Log_File: binlog.000008
 9          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 595
10               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
11                Relay_Log_Pos: 317
12        Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000008
13             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
14            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
15              Replicate_Do_DB:
16          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
17           Replicate_Do_Table:
18       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
19      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
20  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
21                   Last_Errno: 0
22                   Last_Error:
23                 Skip_Counter: 0
24          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 595
25              Relay_Log_Space: 524
26              Until_Condition: None
27               Until_Log_File:
28                Until_Log_Pos: 0
29           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
30           Master_SSL_CA_File:
31           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
32              Master_SSL_Cert:
33            Master_SSL_Cipher:
34               Master_SSL_Key:
35        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
36Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
37                Last_IO_Errno: 0
38                Last_IO_Error:
39               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
40               Last_SQL_Error:
41  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
42             Master_Server_Id: 1
43                  Master_UUID: 7a5a452f-fca9-11e6-be18-0242ac110002
44             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
45                    SQL_Delay: 0
46          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
47      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
48           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
49                  Master_Bind:
50      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
51     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
52               Master_SSL_Crl:
53           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
54           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
55            Executed_Gtid_Set:
56                Auto_Position: 0
57         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
58                 Channel_Name:
59           Master_TLS_Version:
601 row in set (0.00 sec)