团队环境:OpenVPN安装
2017-09-28
为了方便团队成员从异地访问开发环境,考虑使用OpenVPN搭建虚拟局域网。部署的环境和版本信息如下:
- CentOS 7
- OpenVPN
1.easy-rsa生成证书 #
从这里下载easy-rsa。
1unzip easy-rsa-old-master.zip
2cd easy-rsa-old-master/easy-rsa/2.0
3
4ls
5build-ca build-key-pkcs12 inherit-inter pkitool
6build-dh build-key-server list-crl revoke-full
7build-inter build-req openssl-0.9.6.cnf sign-req
8build-key build-req-pass openssl-0.9.8.cnf vars
9build-key-pass clean-all openssl-1.0.0.cnf whichopensslcnf
10
11ln -s openssl-1.0.0.cnf openssl.cnf
可修改vars文件中定义的变量用于生成证书的基本信息。下面生成CA证书:
1source vars
2./clean-all
3./build-ca
因为已经在var中填写了证书的基本信息,所以一路回车即可。生成证书如下:
1ls keys/
2ca.crt ca.key index.txt serial
生成服务器端秘钥:
1./build-key-server server
2......
3Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [server]:
4A challenge password []:1234
5......
6
7ls keys
801.pem ca.crt ca.key index.txt index.txt.attr index.txt.old serial serial.old server.crt server.csr server.key
生成客户端证书:
1./build-key client
2......
3Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [client]:
4A challenge password []:1234
5......
Common Name用于区分客户端,不同的客户端应该有不同的名称。
Generating DH parameters:
1./build-dh
2
3ls keys/
401.pem 02.pem ca.crt ca.key client.crt client.csr client.key dh2048.pem index.txt index.txt.attr index.txt.attr.old index.txt.old serial serial.old server.crt server.csr server.key
2.编译OpenVPN #
2.1 安装依赖 #
pam-devel:
1yum install -y pam-devel
lzo:
1wget http://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/download/lzo-2.10.tar.gz
2tar -zxvf lzo-2.10.tar.gz
3cd lzo-2.10
4./configure --enable-shared
5make
6make install
2.2 编译安装OpenVPN #
下载OpenVPN源码:
1wget https://swupdate.openvpn.org/community/releases/openvpn-2.4.4.tar.gz
编译安装OpenVPN:
1tar -zxvf openvpn-2.4.4.tar.gz
2cd openvpn-2.4.4
3./configure --prefix=/usr/local/openvpn
4make
5make install
3.配置OpenVPN #
创建配置文件目录和证书目录:
1mkdir -p /etc/openvpn
2mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/pki
生成tls-auth key并将其拷贝到证书目录中:
1/us/local/openvpn/sbin/openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
2mv ta.key /etc/openvpn/pki
将签名生成的CA证书秘钥和服务端证书秘钥拷贝到证书目录中:
1cp ca.key ca.crt server.crt server.key dh2048.pem /etc/openvpn/pki/
2
3ls /etc/openvpn/pki/
4ca.crt ca.key dh2048.pem server.crt server.key
将OpenVPN源码下的配置文件sample/sample-config-files/server.conf拷贝到/etc/openvpn目录。
编辑服务端配置文件/etc/openvpn/server.conf:
1local 192.168.1.2 # 服务端IP
2port 1194
3
4proto tcp
5dev tun
6
7ca /etc/openvpn/pki/ca.crt
8cert /etc/openvpn/pki/server.crt
9key /etc/openvpn/pki/server.key
10dh /etc/openvpn/pki/dh2048.pem
11
12server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 # 分配给客户端的虚拟局域网段
13ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
14
15# 推送路由和DNS到客户端
16push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0"
17push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp"
18push "dhcp-option DNS 192.168.1.1"
19push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8"
20
21client-to-client
22
23keepalive 10 120
24
25tls-auth /etc/openvpn/pki/ta.key 0
26
27cipher AES-256-CBC
28
29comp-lzo
30
31max-clients 10
32
33user nobody
34group nobody
35
36persist-key
37persist-tun
38
39status /var/log/openvpn-status.log
40log /var/log/openvpn.log
41log-append /var/log/openvpn.log
42
43verb 3
确认内核已经开启路由转发功能:
1sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
2net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
确认iptables filter表的FOWARD链是ACCEPT状态:
1iptables -nvL
2
3iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
添加iptables转发规则,对所有源地址(openvpn为客户端分配的地址)为10.8.0.0/24的数据包转发后进行源地址转换,伪装成openvpn服务器内网地址192.168.1.2, 这样VPN客户端就可以访问服务器内网的其他机器了。
1iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o em1 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.2
创建openvpn的systemd unit文件:
1cat > /etc/systemd/system/openvpn.service <<EOF
2[Unit]
3Description=openvpn
4After=network.target
5
6[Service]
7EnvironmentFile=-/etc/openvpn/openvpn
8ExecStart=/usr/local/openvpn/sbin/openvpn \
9 --config /etc/openvpn/server.conf
10Restart=on-failure
11Type=simple
12LimitNOFILE=65536
13
14[Install]
15WantedBy=multi-user.target
16EOF
启动并设置为开机启动:
1systemctl start openvpn
2systemctl enable openvpn
查看端口监听:
1netstat -nltp | grep 1194
2tcp 0 0 192.168.1.2:1194 0.0.0.0:* 88462/openvpn
4.客户端连接测试 #
从这里下载OPENVPN的windows客户端,安装完成后。 将以下证书和秘钥文件拷贝到安装目录中C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config:
1ca.crt
2client.crt
3client.key
4ta.key
在这个目录下创建客户端的配置文件client.ovpn:
1client
2dev tun
3proto tcp
4remote xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 11194
5resolv-retry infinite
6nobind
7persist-key
8persist-tun
9
10ca ca.crt
11cert client.crt
12key client.key
13remote-cert-tls server
14tls-auth ta.key 1
15cipher AES-256-CBC
16
17comp-lzo
18verb 3
- 其中 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 11194是外网IP和端口映射到了内网服务器的192.168.1.2 1194上。
接下来连接测试即可。