Prometheus是一套开源监控系统，使用Go语言开发，是Google BorgMon监控系统的类似实现。

Prometheus的基本原理是通过HTTP协议周期性抓取被监控组件的状态，任意组件只要提供对应的HTTP接口就可以接入监控，是比较适合Docker，Kubernetes等环境的监控系统之一。输出监控信息的HTTP接口被称作exporter。

安装Prometheus

下载二进制包：

 1wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v1.5.2/prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
 2tar -zxvf prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
 3mv prometheus-1.5.2.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus
 4cd /usr/local/prometheus
 5
 6./prometheus -version
 7prometheus, version 1.5.2 (branch: master, revision: bd1182d29f462c39544f94cc822830e1c64cf55b)
 8  build user:       root@a8af9200f95d
 9  build date:       20170210-14:41:22
10  go version:       go1.7.5

创建prometheus用户：

1groupadd prometheus
2useradd -g prometheus -d /var/lib/prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

/usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service

 1[Unit]
 2Description=prometheus
 3After=network.target
 4[Service]
 5Type=simple
 6User=prometheus
 7ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus -config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml -storage.local.path=/var/lib/prometheus
 8Restart=on-failure
 9[Install]
10WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动：

1systemctl enable prometheus
2systemctl start prometheus

安装node_exporter

为监控服务器CPU,内存,磁盘,I/O等信息，需要安装node_exporter。

下载node_exporter:

1wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.13.0/node_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
2tar -zxvf node_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
3mv node_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus/node_exporter

/usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

 1[Unit]
 2Description=node_exporter
 3After=network.target
 4[Service]
 5Type=simple
 6User=prometheus
 7ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/node_exporter/node_exporter
 8Restart=on-failure
 9[Install]
10WantedBy=multi-user.target

1systemctl enable node_exporter
2systemctl start node_exporter

修改/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml，加入下面的监控目标：

1scrape_configs:
2  - job_name: 'linux'
3    static_configs:
4      - targets: ['localhost:9100']
5        labels:
6          instance: node1

重启Prometheus。

安装Grafana

/etc/yum.repos.d/grafana.repo

1[grafana]
2name=grafana
3baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/grafana/stable/el/6/$basearch
4repo_gpgcheck=1
5enabled=1
6gpgcheck=1
7gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/gpg.key https://grafanarel.s3.amazonaws.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-grafana
8sslverify=1
9sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

1yum install grafana
2
3systemctl daemon-reload
4systemctl enable grafana-server
5systemctl start grafana-server
6systemctl status grafana-server

浏览器中打开http://192.168.61.10:3000/, 默认登录用户名和密码：admin/admin

grafana

接下来在Grafana中添加Prometheus数据源：

  • Name填上Prometheus
  • Type选Prometheus
  • Url填上http://localhost:9090/
  • Access选proxy

从这里下载Node Exporter Server Metrics这个Dashboard的json文件。 在Grafana的Dashboard中导入这个文件，选择Prometheus数据源，就可以服务器的CPU, 内存, 磁盘等统计信息展现在图表中了。

参考