Kubernetes服务的滚动升级

Kubernetes服务的滚动升级

2017-01-17
Kubernetes

当需要升级集群中的某个服务时,需要停止该服务相关的Pod,pull最新的docker镜像,然后重新启动。 如果一下把所有Pod都停止,服务在升级的时间内会不可用。因此,Kubernetes提供了滚动升级的功能。

kubectl rolling-update命令滚动升级 #

集群中有下面的RC:

tomcat-rc.yaml

 1apiVersion: v1
 2kind: ReplicationController
 3metadata:
 4  name: tomcat
 5spec:
 6  replicas: 5
 7  template:
 8    metadata:
 9      labels:
10        app: tomcat
11    spec:
12      containers:
13      - name: tomcat
14        image: tomcat:7
15        ports:
16        - containerPort: 8080
1kubectl get pod -o wide | grep tomcat
2tomcat-0f1bc            1/1       Running   0          7s        10.244.3.15      cent1
3tomcat-4l3s3            1/1       Running   0          7s        10.244.2.12      cent2
4tomcat-6zw8s            1/1       Running   0          7s        10.244.3.14      cent1
5tomcat-9mmfg            1/1       Running   0          7s        10.244.2.11      cent2
6tomcat-q728k            1/1       Running   0          7s        10.244.3.13      cent1

现在需要升级tomcat这个RC下的Pod,这里的需求只是将tomcat镜像从7升级到8:

 1kubectl rolling-update tomcat --image=tomcat:8
 2Created tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62
 3Scaling up tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 from 0 to 5, scaling down tomcat from 5 to 0 (keep 5 pods available, don't exceed 6 pods)
 4Scaling tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 up to 1
 5Scaling tomcat down to 4
 6Scaling tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 up to 2
 7Scaling tomcat down to 3
 8Scaling tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 up to 3
 9Scaling tomcat down to 2
10Scaling tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 up to 4
11Scaling tomcat down to 1
12Scaling tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62 up to 5
13Scaling tomcat down to 0
14Update succeeded. Deleting old controller: tomcat
15Renaming tomcat to tomcat-d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62
16replicationcontroller "tomcat" rolling updated

从上面命令的输出可以看出,升级过程是先创建一个新版的Pod,然后再停止一个旧版本的Pod,逐步完成整个RC的更新。 升级完成后,查看rc:

1kubectl get rc tomcat -o wide
2NAME      DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE       CONTAINER(S)   IMAGE(S)   SELECTOR
3tomcat    5         5         5         5m        tomcat         tomcat:8   app=tomcat,deployment=d88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62

可以看到RC增加了一个deployment=88a9205146d65acff8e0543aa3b6b62的Label,是由RC的内容HASH计算得到的,作为签名用于表示RC是否发生变化。

如果滚动升级过程中发现问题,可以回滚:

1kubectl rolling-update tomcat --image=tomcat:7 --rollback

参考 #

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